Metalworking fluids are the oil- and water-based liquids that facilitate turning, milling, drilling and grinding. These fluids are often lumped together under the general term "coolant," though many metalworking fluids do not primarily perform a cooling effect. Rather, the primary value of many metalworking fluids is to provide lubricity that extends cutting performance and tool life, and to assist in clearing chips out of the way of the cut. Metalworking fluid technology has advanced considerably in recent years, to the extent that finding just the right cutting fluid for a particular machining process can dramatically increase efficiency or productivity.